In Nigeria’s public procurement space, compliance is more than formality it’s your legal shield. Whether you’re a startup aiming for your first government contract or an experienced contractor pursuing multi-million naira projects, staying compliant is the only way to avoid disqualification, blacklisting, or even prosecution.
This article explores how to legally protect your business throughout the bidding process, and how to ensure your company remains procurement ready.
1. Understand the Legal Framework First
To play the game well, you must know the rules. The key laws and agencies you should be familiar with include:
• Public Procurement Act 2007 (for federal level contracts)
• State-level procurement laws (e.g., Lagos State Public Procurement Law)
• Bureau of Public Procurement (BPP) regulator and compliance watchdog
• Fiscal Responsibility Act
• ICPC and EFCC Acts for anti corruption enforcement
Tip: Always cross check bid documents with procurement laws to spot illegal clauses or unfair restrictions.
2. Register with Relevant Regulatory Bodies
Your compliance must start with proper registration:
• CAC – Company registration with correct objects
• FIRS – For 3 year Tax Clearance Certificate
• PENCOM – Pension compliance for employers with 15+ staff
• NSITF – Employee compensation contribution
• ITF – Industrial Training Fund compliance
• BPP – Federal contractor registration
Bonus: Keep a compliance file (digital and hard copy) with all current certificates.
3. Never Bid Without Fulfilling Prequalification Requirements
Many contractors rush to submit bids without confirming eligibility. This is risky.
Check for:
• Years of experience required
• Specific past projects needed
• Turnover or financial thresholds
• Staff qualifications or licenses
• Site visits or pre-bid conference attendance
If you don’t meet a requirement exactly as stated, don’t submit unless you’re in a joint venture with someone who does.
4. Always Use Accurate and Verifiable Documents
The use of forged or expired certificates is a criminal offense under Nigerian law.
Don’t:
• Inflate project values
• Use unverifiable experience claims
• Submit tax or PENCOM certificates that aren’t yours
• Fake CVs or licenses of professionals
The BPP and EFCC have intensified vetting and cross checking. Legal protection begins with honesty and transparency.
5. Engage a Lawyer to Review Contract Terms
Winning the bid is one thing. Signing an unfavorable contract is another.
Before signing:
• Review termination clauses
• Understand liquidated damages, performance bonds, and penalties
• Clarify payment timelines and milestones
• Ensure dispute resolution clauses protect your interest (e.g., arbitration vs. litigation)
Tip: Never sign a contract without a legal opinion, no matter how “standard” it looks.
6. Submit a Bid That Is Responsive and Legal
Make sure your bid:
• Follows every instruction to the letter
• Uses your official stamp, seal, and signature
• Separates technical and financial proposals as required
• Doesn’t contain conflicting figures or documents
Responsive = Compliant = Legally Safe.
7. Use Joint Ventures or Subcontracting Correctly
If partnering:
• Use a Joint Venture Agreement clearly stating roles, revenue sharing, and dispute resolution
• Ensure both parties meet the eligibility criteria collectively
• Register the JV with the appropriate agencies if required
For subcontracting:
• Disclose it in your bid if the rules require
• Avoid “fronting” or presenting another company’s capacity as yours without legal backing
8. Keep Records of All Communication and Submissions
If there’s a dispute or investigation, your best defense is documentation.
• Keep physical and digital copies of bids submitted
• Retain emails, acknowledgement receipts, bid opening attendance lists
• Store scanned versions of signed documents in the cloud
You can’t prove what you can’t show.
9. Avoid Unethical Practices and Bribery
Bribing to win contracts or influence evaluations is not just unethical it’s illegal.
You risk:
• Blacklisting by BPP
• EFCC/ICPC investigations
• Damage to your company’s brand and credibility
Success in public procurement is not about “connections” it’s about compliance, capacity, and consistency.
10. Stay Updated with Policy and Regulatory Changes
The rules can change with little notice. To stay legally protected:
• Follow BPP updates
• Subscribe to procurement news platforms
• Attend procurement compliance trainings
• Join associations like NCA (Nigerian Contractors Association)
Knowledge of the law is the first form of legal protection.
Conclusion: Compliance is a Competitive Advantage
In public sector bidding, legal protection doesn’t just keep you safe it puts you ahead. When your documents are intact, your operations are transparent, and your bids are responsive, you not only stand a better chance of winning you protect your brand for the long run.